Law and Ethics Notes

The First Amendment Protects Freedom of...

-speech

-petition

-press

-religion

-assemble



The Tinker Standard -

Tinker vs. Des Monies School District -Student speech cannot be censored as long as it does not"Materially disrupt class work or involve substantial disorder or invasion of the rights of others. "



The Fraser Standard -

Bethel School District vs. Fraser(1986)

inappropriate speech for class president

-Because school officials have "an interest in teaching students the boundaries of socially appropriate behavior," they can censor student speech that is vulgar or indecent, even if it does not cause a "material or substantial disruption."



The Hazelwood Standard -

Hazelwood School district vs. Kuhlmeimer(1988)
censor stories in student newspaper about teen pregnancy and divorce
-Censorship of school - sponsored student expression is permissible when school officials can show that is "reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns."



The Frederick Standard -
Morse vs. Frederick (June 25, 2007)
-January 2002. Olympic torch travels through town
-principal Morse cancels school
-senior Frederick unveils banner on the sidewalk across the street which reads "Bong hits 4 Jesus."
-suspended for 10 days.

Libel(written) and Slander(spoken)

Libel -

- Has to defame someones character

- Published

- False